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In order to characterize and compare the pattern of inhibin production in the follicular phase between patients of the clomiphene citrate/human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) and Buserelin/hMG protocols in in-vitro fertilization, serum inhibin levels from 20 patients in each protocol were measured. …
This thesis work is focused on studies of sperm antigen: its purification and antifertility effect, its "internal image" by use of anti-idiotypic antibodies, and its capacity to induce antibodies of IgA class. Mouse sperm acrosomal antigens that react with a monoclonal antibody generated against mo…
It is well established that LH action is mediated primarily by adenylate cyclase/cAMP. Conversely, the role of inositol phosphate/calcium in LH signalling has only recently been investigated. We examined the effects of gonadotrophins on intracellular calcium mobilisation in HEK293 cells transiently…
By using modified hybridoma technology, monoclonal antibodies against an ovarian tumor cell line, OC-3-VGH, were generated in Dr. Lee's laboratory. Among these antibodies, RP 215 was shown to react specifically with a tumor-associated antigen, COX-1. On SDS gel, COX-1 has a molecular weight of 60 K…
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has been a successful assisted reproductive technique for men with severe male-factor infertility. However, ICSI requires the subjective selection of normal looking sperm, which does not preclude the transmission of genetically abnormal sperm. Correlation bet…
Abnormal DNA methylation at imprinted and non-imprinted genes has been associated with spermatogenesis failure. However, little information is available regarding DNA methylation at those genes in men affected by severe male factor infertility. We hypothesized a higher incidence of aberrant DNA met…
The association between subsets of male infertility, oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT), obstructive azoospermic (OA), non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA), and increased risk of having chromosomal abnormalities in the sperm has not been investigated. Chromosomal aneuploidy in sperm will be systematic…
In contrast to the success of ICSI in treating male infertility, concerns have been raised about the health outcomes of the children conceived through this procedure. Cohort studies have shown that the ICSI population has an increase in low birth weight (LBW), birth defects, chromosomal abnormaliti…
In-vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are two of the most common forms of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) used to treat human infertility. Presently, over two million children have been conceived by ART. The majority of these children are born healthy. H…
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In order to characterize and compare the pattern of inhibin production in the follicular phase between patients of the clomiphene citrate/human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) and Buserelin/hMG protocols in in-vitro fertilization, serum inhibin levels from 20 patients in each protocol were measured. …
Disruptions or imbalances of the vaginal microbiome can lead to negative reproductive health consequences for women, including an increased risk of sexually transmitted infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, and preterm birth. HIV-positive women may be particularly vulnerable to microbiome disrup…
Human newborns exposed in utero to maternally administered SSRIs such as fluoxetine (FX) have an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes including poor neonatal adaptation. This comprises respiratory difficulty, jitteriness, cyanosis when feeding and persists for several days after birth. Seve…
Aberrant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activity contributes to the development of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), a common and lethal female malignancy. Elucidating the regulation of EGFR function will improve treatments for EOC and the survival of patients. This study aims to elucidate …
Pregnancies derived from in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are associated with increased rates of chromosome abnormalities, congenital malformations, low birth weight, pre-term births, multiple gestations, and imprinting disorders. Assisted reproductive techno…
Light microscopy has remained the primary tool for the assessment of embryo quality and the selection of embryos for transfer in clinical IVF practice. Recent studies have suggested that metabolomic profiling of embryo culture media can distinguish human embryos with better implantation potential. …
With the increasing use of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) every year, concerns have been raised regarding the possible effect these procedures have on the health of the children procured by them. Although patients born via ART are usually healthy, studies have associated these procedures wi…
Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) binds androgens and estrogens with high affinity, and regulates the distribution of these sex steroids in the blood and other biological fluids. Liver is the primary site of SHBG production, but the human SHBG transcription unit responsible for this is also expre…
The distintegrin-like and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin repeats (ADAMTS) are members of a gene family of secreted, multidomain and multifunctional proteinases that are able to proteolytically degrade a diverse array of cellular, extracellular and extracellular matrix (ECM) substrates. We ex…
Activin A (homodimer of inhibin βA-subunit) is known to increase inhibin βB-subunit and inhibin B (heterodimer of inhibin α- and βB-subunit) levels and decrease progesterone accumulation in human granulosa cells. Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) is a potent paracrine regul…
Nuclear receptors including estrogen receptors (ERs) and progesterone receptors (PRs) are activated by their ligands as well as by signaling pathways in response to peptide hormones and growth factors. In gonadotrophs, gonadotropin releasing hormones (GnRHs) act via the GnRH receptor (GnRHR). Both …